Papillomas are benign growths. The main reason for the removal is their unaesthetic appearance, location in the décolleté area of women. The causes of the formation are associated with a decrease in immunity, previously transferred viral diseases.
Varieties of papillomas
The human papillomavirus has more than 10 genotypes, but only a few of them are most common.
Simple or vulgar warts
The type of formations most often infecting the human epidermis. The places of their localization are the scalp, neck, face, hands, body, skin folds.
The most effective methods for removing papillomas are medication; operational (with a scalpel, cryo-, laser-, radio methods, electrocoagulation); combined (removal of papilloma followed by drug therapy to prevent relapse).
Simple warts have a regular round or oval shape. They can rise above the surface of the epidermis by 5 millimeters or more.
Their diameter reaches 1 centimeter. The structure of the warts is soft, homogeneous, and has no internal seals. The disease is not accompanied by the manifestation of symptoms. In most situations, they are not dangerous.
The method of treating papillomas is selected strictly individually in each case. It is necessary to take into account the contraindications to a particular method of exposure.
For example, a patient may have a cold allergy and this may be an obstacle to cryotherapy.
Flat warts
Flat growths are also called youthful ones. Children, as well as those who have reached puberty, are susceptible to the onset of pathology.
In old age, neoplasms are very rare. Experts associate the formation of flat warts with hormonal changes. They are formed as a result of past viral diseases.
The growths occur in a single or multiple form. They do not rise above the surface of the skin. The color of the growths is light, close to the natural skin tone.
Localization sites: face, neck, back of arms and legs. Serious concomitant symptoms are absent. The disease does not require treatment.
Filiform warts
A distinctive feature of the formations is the presence of a thin base. For this reason, they are called pedunculated. These warts grow in length.
The dimensions of individual formations reach 1 centimeter. The main problem with filamentous warts is their high trauma.
Having a thin leg makes them vulnerable. Warts are localized more often in the neck, in the armpits, on the skin of the face and décolleté.
Plantar warts
Another name for pathology is spines. The formations are dense growths. When exposed to their base, painful sensations arise, reminiscent of a needle prick.
Outwardly, they can be easily confused with corns or calluses. The appearance of one wart is often accompanied by the growth of the disease.
Genital warts
Human papillomavirus is sexually transmitted. In case of infection, warts form in the intimate area - warts in the genital area.
The place of their localization is the reproductive organs and the anal area. The disease manifests itself in the form of small corporal papules.
The papillomas themselves are not dangerous. Their formation is not accompanied by unpleasant symptoms, but thin skin is prone to injury. Injury to the formations leads to the addition of a secondary infection.
In addition to the listed species, there are flat warts and internal formations. Despite the absence of accompanying symptoms, the presence of formations requires referral to a specialist and regular monitoring.
Reasons for the removal of formations
The reasons for where the papillomas come from are not fully understood. Most often they affect the face, neck, décolleté. Experts recommend removing papillomas even in cases where they do not cause serious inconvenience.
Reasons for mandatory surgery include:
- high riskdamagepapillomas;
- activeheightor the development of new formations, their spread over the skin;
- repeatedthe formation of papilloma after drug treatment.
It is also recommended to remove papillomas when localized in open areas of the body. The fact that the growth is itchy or itchy is a cause for concern.
Effective removal methods
Modern medicine offers patients various ways to deal with papillomas:
- medicinaltherapy;
- operationalintervention;
- combinedtreatment;
- methodsfolkmedicine.
The choice of a therapeutic scheme is carried out by the doctor depending on the size and location of the formations.
Drug therapy
For small formations and their localization in non-traumatic places, it is recommended to use drug therapy.
Conservative treatment is highly effective for fresh warts and their localization in areas with thin and sensitive skin. Medicines do not always allow the formation to be completely removed.
Medicines are used alone or in combination. Most often, a specialist prescribes topical drugs in conjunction with antiviral therapy.
Surgical intervention
With the localization of papillomas in open areas of the skin, the appearance of unpleasant symptoms or increased risk of injury, surgical intervention allows you to get rid of them:
- Surgicalremoval. The easiest and most affordable way to remove the build-up. At the moment, it is rarely used in medicine. It is accompanied by a high risk of scar formation.
- Electrocoagulation.The method is the removal of the build-up by the action of an electric current. A high-frequency current is sent to the affected area, which leads to cauterization of the treated area. The procedure is quick and painless.
- Lasercoagulation. A distinctive feature of the method is the use of a laser beam to remove the build-up. The method is non-traumatic. It is characterized by fast healing times. Thanks to the effect of the laser and instant sealing of the vessels of the treated area, the risk of bleeding during the procedure is minimal.
- Cryotherapy.The method is based on exposure to ultra-low temperatures. The formation is frozen with liquid nitrogen. The main disadvantage of the method is the inability to accurately control the depth of the treated area. As a result, healthy adjacent tissues are affected.
- Radiosurgery.Removal of papilloma is performed by radio waves. A special device acts on the formation and excises the affected tissue. The method is actively used in modern medicine and is considered highly effective and painless.
The method of surgical intervention is determined depending on the size of the formations, their location and number.
Combined treatment
Most often, experts recommend using a combination treatment. It consists in the prompt removal of existing formations and subsequent drug therapy. The combined regimen is aimed at preventing the risk of subsequent development of papillomas on the patient's skin.
Care after removal
To speed up the healing process after papilloma removal, certain recommendations must be followed.
After the operation, it is forbidden to expose the wound surface to injury. Also, you cannot glue it with a plaster. Lack of fresh air slows down tissue regeneration. The only thing is that when you go outside, the wound can be closed with a bactericidal adhesive plaster.
Also, after manipulation, the skin should be limited from prolonged exposure to direct sunlight.
During the day, you can not wet the wound, as well as apply cosmetics to it.
In addition, for at least 3 weeks you will have to refuse to visit the solarium, bathhouse, swimming pool.
For the treatment of the site, experts advise using antiseptics.